Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cutting Scalpel Blades After Use and leaning by Different Methods / Avaliação da Efetividade do Corte de Lâminas de Bisturi Após Uso e Limpeza Por Diferentes Métodos

When performing incisions during oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures, the surgeon requires a blade that ensures precise cuts which reduce unnecessary tissue injuries. After searching the literature, we realized that there is a lack of studies that assesses scalpel blades for dental use. Herein, this study aims to assess the cutting power of new scalpel blades after cleaning with different methods. Sixty sterile scalpel blades were divided into seven groups: I) new blade; II) the second insertion; III) blade cleaned with gauze; IV) blade cleaned with gauze and saline; V) blade cleaned with saline; VI) blade cleaned with cotton, and VII) blade cleaned with cotton and saline. A universal testing machine (Osvaldo Filizola, São Paulo, Brazil) was used for the insertion and measurement of the shear strength. The results revealed that cleaning the blade with gauze and saline was the method that had the greatest loss of the cutting capability. The reinsertion of the scalpel blade without any type of cleaning or the cleaning of the blade with cotton and saline were the methods that obtained the best result, which did not compromise the mechanical properties of the tested material. This study concludes that cleaning methods affect the cutting power of scalpel blade

Na execução dos procedimentos cirúrgicos bucais e maxilofaciais o operador, ao realizar incisões, necessita de uma lâmina que garanta um corte preciso, diminuindo lesões desnecessárias aos tecidos. Ao fazer uma busca na literatura, constatou-se carência de estudos que avaliassem lâminas de bisturi de uso odontológico. Diante desse cenário, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o poder de corte de lâminas de bisturi novas e após limpeza com diferentes métodos. Sessenta lâminas de bisturi estéreis foram divididas em sete grupos: I) lâmina nova; II) segunda inserção; III) lâmina limpa com gaze; IV) lâmina limpa com gaze e soro; V) lâmina limpa com soro; VI) lâmina limpa com algodão e VII) lâmina limpa com algodão e soro. Para inserção e aferição da resistência ao corte utilizou-se uma máquina de ensaio universal (Osvaldo Filizola, São Paulo, Brasil). Os resultados revelaram que a limpeza da lâmina com gaze e soro fisiológico foi o método que teve maior perda de corte. Já a reinserção da lâmina de bisturi sem quaisquer tipos de limpeza ou a limpeza da lâmina com algodão e soro foram as que obtiveram melhor resultado, não comprometendo as propriedades mecânicas do material testado. Conclui-se, com a realização desse estudo, que os métodos de limpeza afetam o poder de corte das lâminas de bisturi.

Effectiveness of Chewing Gum Containing CPP-ACP for Remineralisation of Demineralised Enamel around Orthodontic Brackets: An in Situ Study

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of chewing gums containing CPP-ACP in remineralisation of demineralised enamel around orthodontic brackets. Material and Methods: Enamel blocks from 120 bovine incisors were used. The blocks were flattened and polished, followed by the development of incipient subsurface caries. The blocks have been subjected to a baseline microhardness analysis. Orthodontic brackets were bonded to the exposed area of the blocks, reserving an area for hardness analysis. An in situ crossover (three-way crossover phases of 21 days with an interval of one week between them), controlled, randomised and blind experimental model was used, with the participation of 12 volunteers divided into groups: G1 - negative control group, without chewing gum; G2 - conventional sugar-free chewing gum, without CPP-ACP (placebo); and G3 - sugar-free chewing gum with CPP-ACP. The following parameters were analysed: superficial linear (Ra), volumetric roughness (Sa), and superficial structural loss, which was indicated by Gap measurement (difference between the healthy and treated area). Statistical tests used were the Friedman, Wilcoxon and Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal Wallis' nonparametric tests and ANOVA. Results: There was a significant reduction in enamel microhardness after demineralisation in all the groups (p<0.05). This deleterious effect was attenuated in the three groups after the final evaluation, although there were no statistical differences (p<0.05); however, the final values did not return to the baseline values (p<0.05). Conclusion: Chewing gum containing CPP-ACP did not promote in situ remineralisation of demineralised enamel around orthodontic brackets.

Cuidados bucais em paciente com fibrose pulmonar idiopática sob cuidados paliativos. Relato de caso / Oral care in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patient in palliative care. Case report

A Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática (FPI) é uma doença crônica do interstício pulmonar que se manifesta por fibrose progressiva com alta prevalência de insuficiência respiratória. Como toda doença crônica e progressiva, a FPI necessita de acompanhamento por uma equipe multiprofissional de Cuidados Paliativos (CP) a fim de proporcionar um cuidado integral, considerando todas as queixas e necessidades do paciente. Em uma enfermaria de CP de um hospital terciário, um paciente do sexo masculino, 77 anos, foi admitido por FPI avançada para controle de sintomas e cuidados de fim de vida. Durante a oroscopia realizada pela equipe, recebeu diagnóstico de candidíase oral, onde foi solicitada avaliação do cirurgião-dentista. Na avaliação odontológica, queixou-se de língua ressecada e perda do paladar. Paciente acamado, dispneico em repouso, em uso contínuo de máscara de venturi e lábios ressecados, com presença de placas brancas ressecadas (resíduos alimentares) em palato duro e mole, mucosa jugal e gengival, língua ressecada com saburra e hipossalivação. Foi realizada a higiene oral, prescrição de substituto salivar e hidratante labial. O procedimento foi longo e intermitente devido à dificuldade do paciente de se manter sem o suporte de oxigênio. Após o procedimento, o paciente relatou melhora de 90% dos sintomas bucais. Conclusão: O caso apresentou as alterações bucais e os cuidados odontológicos em um paciente com FPI e também evidenciou a importância da avaliação especializada realizada pelo cirurgião-dentista inserido em uma equipe multiprofissional em CP, que, além do diagnóstico diferencial, proporcionou alívio dos sintomas bucais e conforto ao paciente em sua fase final de vida

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease manifested by progressive fibrosis with a high prevalence of respiratory failure. As all chronic and progressive diseases, IPF needs follow-up by a multidisciplinary Palliative Care (PC) team in order to provide comprehensive care considering all patient's complaints and needs. In a PC inpatient unit of a tertiary hospital, a 77-year-old male patient was admitted because of advanced IPF for symptom control and end-of-life care. During the oroscopy done by the team, he was diagnosed with oral candidiasis, where evaluation by the dentist was requested. In the dental evaluation, he complained of dry tongue and taste loss. Bedridden patient, dyspnea at rest, in continuous use of venturi mask and dry lips, dry white plaques (food residues) in hard and soft palate, jugal and gingival mucosa, dry tongue with oral coating and hyposalivation. Oral hygiene was performed, salivary substitute and lip moisturizer were prescribed. The procedure was long and intermittent due to the difficulty of the patient with staying without oxygen support. After the procedure, the patient reported 90% improvement in oral symptoms. Conclusion: The case showed the oral disorders and dental care in a patient with IPF and highlighted the importance of specialized evaluation performed by the dentist inserted in a multidisciplinary PC team which, besides the differential diagnosis, provided symptom relief of the mouth and comfort to the patient in his end of life

Os modelos ortodônticos digitais são confiáveis? Uma revisão sistemática / Are the digital orthodontics models reliable? A systematic review

Introdução: Os modelos ortodônticos digitais são alternativas ao uso de modelos ortodônticos em gesso. Devido sua importância no diagnóstico, faz-se necessário averiguar a precisão dos softwares de modelos ortodônticos digitais disponíveis no mercado. Objetivo: Evidenciar qual software de modelos ortodônticos digitais possui maior confiabilidade. Material e métodos: Foi realizada busca sistemática nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase e Cochrane, Grey Literature e Clinical Trials, sem limitações quanto ao ano de publicação ou idioma. Foram incluídos estudos laboratoriais que utilizaram softwares destinados a geração de modelos ortodônticos digitais, comparando-os com modelos ortodônticos em gesso. Após seleção por título e resumo, os artigos potencialmente elegíveis foram lidos na íntegra. A qualidade metodológica e o risco de viés dos artigos incluídos foram avaliados de acordo com as descrições dos modelos, técnicas de medição e análises estatísticas. A qualidade metodológica foi classificada em alta, moderada ou baixa. Resultados: 13.333 artigos foram encontrados nas bases de dados utilizadas. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade e remoção de duplicações, restaram apenas 41 artigos. 29 foram considerados de qualidade moderada e 12 de alta qualidade. A classificação quanto à confiabilidade variou de menos confiaveis, equivalentes e a mais confiaveis. Apresentando diferenças estatisticas em suas mensurações (p<0,05); sem significância clínica. Conclusão: os modelos ortodônticos digitais apresentaram mensurações acuradas, reprodutíveis e confiáveis quando comparado ao método convencional utilizando modelos de gesso.

Introduction: Digital models are an alternative for the use of orthodontic models in plaster. Due to its importance in the orthodontic dignified, it is necessary to ascertain the accuracy of the software of digital orthodontic models available in the market. Objective: To show which software of digital orthodontic models has greater reliability. Material and methods: A systematic search was performed in the following electronic databases: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane, Gray Literature and Clinical Trials, with no limitations on year of publication or language. We included laboratory studies using digital orthodontic models, comparing them with orthodontic models of plaster through the evaluation of reliability through measurement techniques. After selection by title and abstract, potentially eligible articles have been read in full. The methodological quality and risk of bias of the included articles were evaluated according to the descriptions of the models, measurement techniques and statistical analyzes. The methodological quality was classified as high, moderate or low. Results: 13,333 articles were found in the databases used. After applying the eligibility criteria and removing duplicates, only 41 articles remained. 29 were considered of moderate quality and 12 of high quality. The ranking of digital models for reliability ranged from less reliable, equivalent, and more reliable. Presenting statistical differences in their measurements (p <0.05), without clinical significance. Conclusion: The measurements made in digital models can be as accurate, reproducible and reliable as the conventional method using plaster models.

Do you know this syndrome? Leopard syndrome

ABSTRACT Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is known as Leopard syndrome, which is a mnemonic rule for multiple lentigines (L), electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities (E), ocular hypertelorism (O), pulmonary stenosis (P), abnormalities of genitalia (A), retardation of growth (R), and deafness (D). We report the case of a 12-year-old patient with some of the abovementioned characteristics: hypertelorism, macroglossia, lentigines, hypospadias, cryptorchidism, subaortic stenosis, growth retardation, and hearing impairment. Due to this set of symptoms, we diagnosed Leopard syndrome.

Influence of color on attractiveness of sky hook type maxillary protractor

AIM: To evaluate the esthetic attractiveness of the Sky Hook type of maxillary protractor, available in different colors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eight Sky Hook type of maxillary protractors of different colors were evaluated. Images were obtained of the same patient, and standardized with the aid of an image manipulation program (Adobe Photoshop software from CS) to obtain the colors: white, gray, green, yellow, blue, pink, brown and black. After acquisition the images were printed on photographic paper and incorporated into a specific and personalized questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among children of both genders, in the age-ranges from 7 to 8, and 9 to 10 years, at public and private schools (n=200). Fro the scores attributed to each image, the Mann-Whitney test was used, and among groups, Spearman's Correlation. The level of significance adopted was 5%. RESULTS: The scores attributed to the color green presented significant difference between the schoolchildren from public and private schools. In a comparison between genders, the boys awarded better scores to the colors gray and black, whereas the girls awarded better scores to the color pink. When the age groups examined were compared, only the color blue presented statistical differences. CONCLUSION: The color of the Sky Hook type of maxillary protractor has an influence on the esthetic attractiveness to children from 7 to 10 years, and preference determined by colors is also influenced by gender and the type of school (public or private) and age group.

Aesthetic perception of the height of the lip vermilion border by black and white laypeople

AIM: To assess the degree of aesthetic perception of the height of the vermilion border of the lip among laypeople of black and white ethnicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: in possession of an extraoral photograph of a 25 years old woman with lips at rest, changes were effectuated reducing the height of the lip vermilion in increments of 0.5 mm (0-default to -3.0 mm). To do so, a program for image manipulation (Adobe Photoshop CS4, San Jose, CA, USA) was used. Once the images obtained, they were printed and arranged randomly on a questionnaire to be evaluated by the examiners (n=200). A graduated visual analogue scale of 0 to 10 points for aesthetic evaluation, where 0 represented "not very attractive", 5 "attractive" and 10 "very attractive", was used. To evaluate the differences between the examiners, the Mann-Whitney test was used. RESULTS: There was significant difference between male and female evaluators in evaluating the effect of the height of the vermilion on the attractiveness of the lip. Black and white people were able to identify changes in the height of the vermilion border of the lip, verifying that this height is acceptable till -2mm. Black evaluators gave lower scores to the -3 mm height vermilion than white evaluators, and this has been a clinically significant difference (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: changes in the height of the vermilion border of the lip are acceptable up to -2mm gap among black and white people of both genders, gradually decaying to major changes and having a preference, mostly, for the greater height of the vermilion border of the lip.

Do alcoholic beverages interfere in the force of orthodontic elastics? / Bebidas alcoólicas interferem na força dos elásticos ortodônticos?

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different alcoholic beverages on the decline in force of orthodontic elastics. Material and method: In a laboratory study, 6 groups of alcoholic beverages were tested. Control group (Group 1) was composed of distilled water. Experimental groups were Whisky (Group 2), Brandy (Group 3), Vodka (Group 4), Beer (Group 5), Sugar Cane Spirit/Rum (Group 6), Wine (Group 7). In the experimental groups, templates were used to enable elastics to be submerged in the alcoholic beverages for 30 seconds once a day. Force was measured with a digital dynamometer in six different time intervals: baseline, 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Result: There were no significant differences between the treatments in the time intervals: baseline, 7, 14 and 28 days. There were statistical differences between Group 7 and the others in the first 24 hours, and between Group 1 and the others after 21 days. After 28 days, there were no significant differences in the force pattern among all groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Alcoholic beverages had no influence on the decline in force of the chain elastics. .

Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de diferentes bebidas alcoólicas sobre a força de decaimento de elásticos ortodônticos. Material e método: Em estudo laboratorial, foram testados 7 grupos de amostra, sendo: 1 grupo controle representado pela água destilada, e 6 experimentais: 2- Wisky, 3-Conhaque, 4-Vodka, 5-Cerveja, 6-Cachaça e 7-Vinho. Utilizou-se gabaritos para realizar a submersão das cadeias nas soluções de bebidas alcoólicas durante 30 segundos, uma vez ao dia nos grupos experimentais. A medição de força foi realizada com um dinamômetro digital em seis períodos diferentes 0, 1, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias. Resultado: Não houve diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos nos momentos baseline, 7 dias, 14 dias e 28 dias. Foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre o grupo 7 e os demais no momento 24 horas e entre o grupo 1 e os demais no período 21 dias. No período 28 dias não houve diferenças significativas no padrão de força entre todos os grupos (p<0.05) Conclusão: As bebidas alcoolicas não exercem influência na degradação da força dos elásticos em cadeia. .

Clouston syndrome associated with eccrine syringofibroadenoma

Eccrine syringofibroadenoma is a rare benign neoplasia derived from acrosyryngium cells of the eccrine sudoriferous glands. It affects the extremities of elderly individuals as solitary tumors, or may also present as multiple lesions. There are controversies about the pathogenesis and differentiation of the tumor. Eccrine syringofibroadenoma has been associated with subjacent conditions, such as for example, hypohidrotic ectodermic dysplasias. The authors describe a case report of a patient with Clouston Syndrome, who presented papules and nodules in extremities, clinically and histologically compatible with eccrine syringofibroadenoma. There are only three cases described in the literature, associated with Clouston Syndrome, and this is the fourth case.

Avaliação in vitro da citotoxicidade do enxaguatório Periogard© em diferentes períodos de tempo / In vitro assessment of the cytotoxicity of Periogard© mouthwash at different periods

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a citotoxicidade do enxaguatório a base de clorexidina Periogard® em diferentes períodos de tempo, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 e 120 segundos, quanto ao seu efeito citotóxico em fibroblastos gengivais L929. Utilizou-se 3 grupos controle: positivo (C+) detergente celular Tween 80, negativo (C-) PBS e controle de célula (CC), onde as mesmas não foram expostas a nenhum material. O ensaio de citotoxicidade foi realizado utilizando cultura celular de fibroblasto de camundongo (L929). Após contato do enxaguatório com as células, as mesmas foram colocadas em contato com o corante vital vermelho neutro utilizando-se a técnica “dye up take”. Os valores da quantidade de células viáveis foram submetidos à análise da variância (ANOVA) para determinar se havia diferença estatística entre os grupos e, posteriormente, ao teste de Tukey (p<0.05). Os resultados demonstraram citotoxicidade do enxaguatório Periogard® em todos os períodos avaliados. Foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos experimentais com todos os demais controles (p>0.05). Pode-se concluir com a realização deste trabalho que o Periogard® é citotóxico aos fibroblastos no período de 0 a 120 segundos.

This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of chlorhexidine-based mouthwash (Periogard©) in different periods, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 120 seconds, for its cytotoxic effect on gingival fibroblasts L929. Three control groups were used: positive (C +) cell detergent Tween 80, negative (C -) PBS, and control of cell (CC) with cells that were not exposed to any material. The cytotoxicity test was performed using fibroblast cell culture of mouse (L929). After the the cells were in contact with the mouthwash, they were placed in contact with Neutral red using the dye up take technique. The values of the quantity of viable cells were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine whether there were statistical differences between groups, and then submitted toTukey test (p <0.05). The results demonstrated cytotoxicity of mouthwash Periogard© in all periods. Differences were observed between the experimental groups with all other controls (p> 0.05). It is possible to conclude that Periogard© is cytotoxic to fibroblasts in the periodsfrom 0 to 120 seconds

Is screening for anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in women with genital human papillomavirus intraepithelial lesions necessary? / Há necessidade de rastreio para lesão intraepitelial anal em mulheres com lesões intraepiteliais genitais por papilomavírus humano?

Parece haver uma relação bastante estreita entre lesões genitais e anais associadas ao papilomavírus humano (HPV), bem como sua relação com a patogênese de neoplasias nesses sítios. Objetivo: Avaliar a existência de dados publicados que sugiram a necessidade de rastreio para lesão intraepitelial anal entre mulheres com lesões genitais associadas ao HPV. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de pesquisas originais publicadas entre 2001 e 2014 nos bancos de dados: PubMed, High Wire, Biblioteca Cochrane e Google Acadêmico. As palavras-chaves para busca foram: "rastreio" ou "detecção precoce de câncer" e "anus" ou "anus diseases" ou "anus neoplasms" e "woman" ou "women" e "HPV" ou "DNA probes, HPV". Resultados: A busca inicial retornou 1203 artigos. Após a publicação dos critérios de exclusão e inclusão e da análise dos revisores, restaram 15 trabalhos que foram empregados para compor a presente revisão. Grande parte dos estudos apontou que mulheres com lesões genitais pelo HPV apresentavam maior risco de lesões anais em comparação com mulheres normais. Verificou-se também a relação entre neoplasia genital e infecção anal por tipos oncogênicos do HPV e o papel do vírus no desenvolvimento do câncer anal. Conclusão: O rastreio de lesões em mulheres com lesões genitais por HPV deve ser indicado. O método mais adequado para tal ainda deve ser mais bem estudado.

Thre seems to be a fairly close relationship between genital and anal lesions associated with human papilomavirus (HPV) and with the pathogenesis of malignancies in such sites. Objective: This review seeks to analyze published papers that suggest the necessity for anal intraepithelial lesions screening in women with HPV genital intraepithelial lesions. Methods: A systematic review of original research published between 2001 and 2014 was performed in the databases PubMed, High Wire, Cochrane Library and Scholar Google. The keywords for the search were: "screening" or "early detection of cancer" and "anus" or "anus diseases" or "neoplasms anus" and "woman" or "women" and "HPV" or "DNA probes, HPV". Results: 1203 articles were selected in ht e first search. After the reviewers applied exclusion and inclusion criteria and analyzed the papers, 15 were selected to compose this review. Most of them showed higher rates of anal intraepithelial lesions in women with genital intraepithelial lesions than in regular women. We also found a correlation between genital neoplasms and anal infection by oncogenic HPV types and the role of the virus in the pathogenesis of anal cancer. Conclusion: Screening for anal lesions in women with HPV genital lesions should be indicated, and further studies are required to determine the best methods.

Planejamento das ações educativas pela equipemultiprofissional da Estratégia Saúde da Família / Planning of Educational Actions by the Multidisciplinary Teamof the Family Health Strategy

O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar como são planejadas as ações de educação em saúde pela equipe multiprofissionalna Estratégia Saúde da Família. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa realizado nas Estratégias Saúde da Família pertencentea uma regional de saúde com uma amostra de oito enfermeiras gerentes dessas unidades. As dificuldades para desenvolveras ações educativas estão relacionadas ao comprometimento da equipe, adesão da comunidade, falta de recursoshumanos, materiais e financeiros e falta de apoio por parte dos gestores. É imprescindível o constante aprimoramento doconhecimento e prática dos profissionais para desenvolver as ações de educação em saúde.

The objective of the research was to identify how the health education actions are planned by the multidisciplinary team atthe Family Health Strategy. A qualitative study was conducted in the Family Health Strategies belonging to a health regionalwith a sample of eight nurses who are managers of these units. The difficulties to develop educational activities are relatedto team commitment, community membership, lack of human, material and financial resources and lack of support frommanagers. Constant improvement of knowledge and professional practice to develop health education actions is essential.

Effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on estradiol-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in health rodents

PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of classical acupuncture (Ac) and electroacupuncture (EAc) on estradiol-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in health rodents. METHODS: Twenty-four eight-week old female rats were treated with estradiol valerate (EV) 4.0 mg i.m. single dose and randomly assigned to four groups (n=6): G1(control), G2 (Ac), G3 (EAc 2 Hz) and G4 (EAc 100 Hz). After 60 days all rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate 10% (0.1 ml/30 g weight of the animal) and submitted to Ac/EAc for twenty minutes. The procedures were repeated on days three, five, seven and nine of the study. The equivalent of the human right ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) acupoints were chosen for needling and electrical stimulation. On the 10th day of the experiment, all rats were anesthetized for collection of blood and tissues (ovaries) samples for biochemical analysis and histological examination. RESULTS:Glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA) concentrations increased significantly in all groups (plasma and ovary) while myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity decreased significantly in all groups compared with control group (G1). CONCLUSIONS:Both classical acupuncture and electroacupuncture decrease systemic and local oxidative stress and ovary inflammation in healthy rats exposed to estrogenic stimulation. EAc enhances lipid peroxidation at systemic and local levels in female rats exposed to estrogenic stimulation.

Liberação de flúor dos cimentos ortodônticos: Sumo e Permaband D: estudo in vitro / Fluoride release of orthodontic cements: Sumo e D Permaband: study in vitro

Objetivo: testar a hipótese de que existe diferença significante no desempenho de cimentos ortodônticos entre si quanto à liberação de flúor. Material e Métodos: os materiais foram divididos em três grupos: dois cimentos de ionômero de vidro (CIVs) utilizados para cimentação de bandas ortodônticas: Grupo S (Sumo, OrthoSource) e Grupo P (Permaband D, OrthoSource), e um compósito ortodôntico: Grupo C (Concise, 3M Unitek), como controle. A liberação de flúor foi medida, durante 28 dias (1h, 24h, um, três, sete, 14, 21 e 28 dias), através de eletrodo íon seletivo conectado a um analisador de íons. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes não paramétricos de Kruskal-Wallis e de Mann-Whitney, a um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: os resultados evidenciaram que os materiais atingiram o pico máximo de liberação de flúor com 24h após presa inicial. Houve diferença estatística dos grupos S e P com o grupo C em todos os tempos avaliados (p < 0,05), e entre os grupos S e P nos tempos de 1h, 24h, um, três, sete, 14 e 21 dias (p < 0,05). Conclusão: a hipótese foi aceita. O CIV convencional Sumo apresentou um desempenho melhor comparado ao CIV reforçado com resina Permaband D. Entretanto, a liberação de flúor de ambos os cimentos foi significativa para o período avaliado.

Objective: to test the hypothesis that is difference in performance of orthodontic cements in terms of their fluoride release. Material and Methods: the materials were divided into three groups: two glass ionomer cements (GIC) used for cementation of orthodontic rings: Group S (Sumo, OrthoSource) and Group P (D Permaband, OrthoSource) and a composite orthodontic Group C (Concise, 3M Unitek) as the control. Fluoride release was measured for 28 days (1h, 24h, one, three, seven, 14 and 28 days), by ion selective electrode connected to an íon analyzer. The data were subjected to nonparametric tests of Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney, with a significance level of 5%. Results: the results showed that the materials reached the peak of fluoride release after 24 hours after initial set. Statistical difference between the groups S and P, with the group C at all times (p < 0.05), and between the groups S and P at 1h, 24h, one, three, seven and 14 days (p < 0.05), was demonstrated. Conclusion: the hypothesis was accepted. The conventional GIC showed a better performance when compared to Permaband D resin-reinforced cement, however, the fluoride release of both GICs were significant for the study period.

Qual o papel do Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) na indução de lesão de tuba uterina nas infecções por Chlamydia Trachomatis? / What is the role of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) in the induction of tubal damages caused by Chlamydia Trachomatis infection?

A suscetibilidade à infecção por C. trachomatis, curso, complicações e resolução da doença depende do tipo da bactéria, de fatores ambientais eda genética do paciente. Entre as mulheres uma forma frequente da infecção é a endocervicite, que pode se complicar com salpingite com consequente lesãotubária. Acredita-se que as complicações a longo prazo desta infecção ocorrem via heat shock protein HSP 60 e toll-like receptors (TLR)...

The susceptibility, course, complications and outcome of Chlamydia trachomatis infection depends on the type of bacteria, environmentalfactors and host genetic factors. Among women, the most common infection is cervicitis that can be complicated by salpingitis leading to tubal damage.It is believed that long-term complications occur via HSP 60 and toll-like receptors...

Citotoxicidade in vitro de enxaguatório bucal em diferentes períodos de tempo / In vitro cytotoxicity of mouthwash in different time periods

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a citotoxicidade do enxaguatório bucal Plax Tradicional. Avaliou-se em diferentes tempos: 1, 15, 30, 45, 60 e 120 segundos quanto seu efeito citotóxico em fibroblastos gengivais L929. Utilizou-se 3 grupos controle: positivo (C+) detergente celular Tween 80, negativo (C-) PBS, e controle de célula (CC) onde as células não foram expostas a nenhum material. O ensaio de citotoxicidade foi realizado utilizando cultura celular de fibroblasto de camundongo (L929). Após contato do enxaguatório com as células, as mesmas foram colocadas em contato com o corante vital vermelho neutro utilizando-se a técnica “dye uptake”. Os valores da quantidade de células viáveis foram submetidos à análise da variância (ANOVA) para determinar se havia diferença estatística entre os grupos, e posteriormente, ao teste de Tukey (p<0.05). Os resultados demonstraram citotoxicidade do enxaguatório com diferenças estatísticas para os grupos CC e C- (p<0.05). Em relação ao controle positivo, o Plax foi mais citotóxico nos tempos 45, 60 e 120 segundos. A citotoxicidade foi diretamente proporcional ao tempo de exposição às culturas de células. Dessa forma, pode- -se concluir que o enxaguatório Plax tradicional é altamente citotóxico a fibroblastos gengivais

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Traditional Plax mouthwash. It was evaluated at different times: 1, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 seconds as their cytotoxic effect on gingival fibroblasts L929. We used three control groups: positive (C +) cell detergent Tween 80 was negative (C-), PBS, and cell control (CC) where the cells were not exposed to any material. The cytotoxicity assay was performed using cell culture of mouse fibroblast (L929). After contacting the mouthwash with the cells, they were placed in contact with the vital dye neutral red using the technique (dye uptake). The values ​of the amount of viable cells were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine whether there were statistical differences between groups, and subsequently Tukey test (p <0.05). The results showed cytotoxicity of mouthwash with statistical differences for the CC and C- (p <0.05). In relation to the positive control, Plax was more cytotoxic in the days 45, 60, and 120 seconds. Cytotoxicity was directly proportional to exposure time to cell cultures. Thus we can conclude that the traditional Plax mouthwash is highly cytotoxic to gingival fibroblasts

Liberação de flúor dos compósitos Superbond® e Ultrabond®: estudo in vitro / Release of fluoride composites Superbond® and Ultrabond®: study in vitro

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a hipótese que não há diferença no desempenho de compósitos ortodônticos entre si quanto à liberaçãode flúor. Foram analisados dois compósitos ortodônticos: Grupo SB (Superbond, OrthoSource) e Grupo UB (Ultrabond, Aditek) e um cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV) convencional ortodôntico: Grupo S (Sumo, OrthoSource), como controle. A liberação de flúor foi medida durante 28 dias (1h, 24h, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias), através de eletrodo íon seletivo conectado. Houve diferença estatística entre os grupos SB e UB com o grupo S em todos os tempos avaliados (p < 0.05). Pode-se concluir com a realização desse trabalho que os compósitos Superbond e Ultrabond apresentaram um desempenho semelhante entre si, porém pouco expressiva comparado ao CIV.

Citotoxicidade de luvas de procedimentos em látexSupermax® / Cytotoxic of the procedures gloves in latex Supermax®

O objetivo foi avaliar a citotoxicidade de luvas de procedimento em látex. Foram avaliados três diferentestipos de luvas de procedimento divididos em três grupos assim denominados: 1 (Supermax®),2 (Supermax -Powder Free®) e 3 (Supermax-Microtexturizado®). Utilizou-se 3 grupos controle: positivo(C+) detergente celular Tween 80, negativo (C-) PBS, e controle de célula (CC) cujas não foramexpostas a nenhum material. Após confecção dos corpos de prova, os mesmos foram imersos em meiomínimo essencial Eagle (MEM) por 24 hrs. Passado esse período procedeu-se a remoção do sobrenadantee colocação em contato com os fibroblastos L929. Após contato com o meio, as células foramincubadas por mais 15, 30 e 60 minutos, então foram adicionados 100μl do corante vermelho neutro a0,01%. Uma vez coradas, as mesmas foram fixadas com formoaldeido e então realizada contagem decélulas viáveis em espectrofotômetro (BioTek, Winooski, Vermont, USA). Os valores da quantidade decélulas viáveis, foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) para determinar se havia diferençasestatísticas entre os grupos, e posteriormente ao teste de Tukey (p<0.05). Nos tempos de 15, 30 e 60minutos os grupos 1 e 3 foram os que demonstraram maior quantidade de células viáveis respectivamente.Com 1 hora de contato todos os grupos demonstraram alta toxicidade celular quando comparadoaos C- e CC. Todas as luvas foram citotóxicas nos tempos avaliados. A toxicidade aumentou como aumento de contato das células.

The objective was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of procedure latex gloves. Three different types ofgloves procedure divided into three groups so called: 1 (Supermax®), 2 (Supermax -- Powder Free®)and 3 (Supermax-Microtexturizado®). We used 3 control groups: positive (C +) cell detergent Tween80, negative (C-) PBS, and control of cell (CC) whose cells were not exposed to any material. Aftermaking the bodies of evidence, they were immersed in Eagle minimum essential medium (MEM) for24 hrs. After this period there has been the removal of supernatant and placed in contact with thefibroblasts L929. After contact with the medium, the cells were incubated for another 15, 30 and 60minutes, which were then added 100 the dye neutral red to 0.01%. Once stained, they were fixedwith formoaldeido and then performed counting of viable cells in spectrophotometer (BioTek, Winooski,Vermont, USA). The values of the quantity of viable cells were subjected to analysis of variance(ANOVA) to determine whether there were statistical differences between groups, and then the Tukeytest (p <0.05). In times of 15, 30 and 60 minutes the groups were 1 and 3 showed that the greatestamount of viable cells respectively. 1 hour of contact with all groups showed high cellular toxicity whencompared to the C-and CC. All gloves were cytotoxic in the time evaluated. The toxicity increased withthe increase of cell contact.